Legal: Civil Procedure: Jurisdiction & Service of Process
The Interpreter Academy USA
Advancing the Evolution of Professional Interpretation
Part I: Master Resource Index (Civil Procedure)
JURISDICTION & SERVICE TERMINOLOGY
| English Source | Spanish Equivalent | Academy Distinction |
|---|---|---|
| Subject Matter Jurisdiction | Competencia por razón de la materia | The court's authority to hear cases of a particular type. |
| Service of Process | Notificación del auto de emplazamiento | The formal delivery of legal documents to a party. |
| In Personam Jurisdiction | Competencia personal / sobre la persona | A court's power over a specific person or entity. |
| Diversity Jurisdiction | Competencia por diversidad de ciudadanía | Federal jurisdiction when parties are from different states. |
| Summons and Complaint | Emplazamiento y demanda | The dual documents required to initiate a civil lawsuit. |
Part II: Legal Bar Exam Practice Test
The Fact Pattern
"The plaintiff filed a complaint in Federal District Court alleging diversity jurisdiction. The defendant moved to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, asserting that the amount in controversy did not exceed $75,000. Additionally, the defendant claimed improper service of process, stating that the summons and complaint were never personally delivered to his agent for service."
1. How is 'Subject Matter Jurisdiction' interpreted in a formal civil proceeding?
A) Jurisdicción local
B) Competencia por razón de la materia
C) Poder judicial común
D) Ley de la tierra
2. In the context of Civil Procedure, what is 'Service of Process'?
A) Servicio de limpieza
B) Notificación del auto de emplazamiento / traslado de la demanda
C) Atención al cliente
D) Tramitación de documentos
3. The defendant claims issues with the 'Summons.' Select the correct rendering:
A) Resumen del caso
B) Emplazamiento / Citación judicial
C) Multa de tráfico
D) Veredicto
Academy Answer Key & Analysis
Q1: B. Competencia por razón de la materia. Refers to the court's authority over the nature of the case.
Q2: B. Notificación del auto de emplazamiento. The formal procedure for notifying a defendant of a lawsuit.
Q3: B. Emplazamiento. The official order to appear in court or respond to a complaint.